道德立法論與傷害原則之爭議──重新審視德夫林與赫特的辯論
作者:關啟文（香港浸會大學宗教及哲學系教授）
卷期：69卷第1期
日期：2024年3月
頁碼：1-24
DOI：https://doi.org/10.6210/JNTNU.202403_69(1).0001
摘要：
一場知名的辯論發生於1960年代的英國，德夫林（Patrick Devlin）法官支持道德立法論並反對傷害原則，但法律學者赫特（H. L. A. Hart）則堅決支持某種版本的傷害原則並反對道德立法論。這場辯論還在持續中，而且近年不少法律哲學家（如梅菲（Jeffrie Murphy））對傷害原則提出不少質疑。本研究將重新審視這場辯論，透過重新發掘德夫林較受忽略的論點和一些當代的哲學討論，本研究論證在道德立法論與傷害原則的辯論中，稍微占上風的應該是道德立法論。
關鍵詞：傷害原則、道德立法論、赫特、德夫林
《詳全文》
參考文獻：
- 羅秉祥，《自由社會的道德底線》，香港：基道出版社，1997。
- Alexander, Larry. “Plastic Trees and Gladiators: Liberalism and Aesthetic Regulation.” Legal Theory 16, no. 2 (2010): 77-90. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352325210000133.
- Arneson, Richard J. “The Enforcement of Morals Revisited.” Criminal Law and Philosophy 7 (2013): 435-454. https://doi.org/10.1017/S11572-013-0240-y.
- Bassham, Gregory. “Legislating Morality: Scoring the Hart-Devlin Debate after Fifty Years.” An International Journal of Jurisprudence and Philosophy of Law 25, no. 2 (2012): 117-132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9337.2012.00506.x.
- Brink, David O. “Retributivism and Legal Moralism.” Ratio Juris 25, no. 4 (2012): 496-512. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9337.2012.00524.x.
» 展開更多
- 羅秉祥，《自由社會的道德底線》，香港：基道出版社，1997。
- Alexander, Larry. “Plastic Trees and Gladiators: Liberalism and Aesthetic Regulation.” Legal Theory 16, no. 2 (2010): 77-90. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352325210000133.
- Arneson, Richard J. “The Enforcement of Morals Revisited.” Criminal Law and Philosophy 7 (2013): 435-454. https://doi.org/10.1017/S11572-013-0240-y.
- Bassham, Gregory. “Legislating Morality: Scoring the Hart-Devlin Debate after Fifty Years.” An International Journal of Jurisprudence and Philosophy of Law 25, no. 2 (2012): 117-132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9337.2012.00506.x.
- Brink, David O. “Retributivism and Legal Moralism.” Ratio Juris 25, no. 4 (2012): 496-512. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9337.2012.00524.x.
- Cane, Peter. “Taking Law Seriously: Starting Points of the Hart/Devlin Debate.” The Journal of Ethics 10 (2006): 21-51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s16892-005-459-x.
- Devlin, Patrick. The Enforcement of Morals. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1965.
- Duff, R. A. “Towards a Modest Legal Moralism.” Criminal Law and Philosophy 8 (2014): 217-235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11572-012-9191-8.
- Dworkin, Gerald, ed. Morality, Harm, & the Law. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1994.
- Dworkin, R. M. “Introduction.” In The Philosophy of Law, edited by R. M. Dworkin, 1-16. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1977.
- Feinberg, Joel. “Harm & Self-interest.” In Law, Morality, & Society: Essays in Honour of H. L. A. Hart, edited by P. M. S. Hacker and Joseph Raz, 285-308. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press, 1977.
- Feinberg, Joel. The Moral Limits of the Criminal Law (Volume 3: Harm to Self). New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1093/0195059239.001.0001.
- Feinberg, Joel. The Moral Limits of the Criminal Law (Volume 1: Harm to Others). New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1987. https://doi.org/10.1093/0195046641.001.0001.
- Feinberg, Joel. The Moral Limits of the Criminal Law (Volume 2: Offense to Others). New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1988. https://doi.org/10.1093/0195052153.001.0001.
- Feinberg, Joel. The Moral Limits of the Criminal Law, Volume 4: Harmless Wrongdoing. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1093/0195064704.001.0001.
- Feinberg, Joel. “Harmless Wrongdoing.” In Morality, Harm, and the Law, edited by Gerald Dworkin, 49-59, Boulder, CO: Westview, 1994.
- George, Robert P. Making Men Moral: Civil Liberties and Public Morality. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press, 1993.
- Hart, H. L. A. Law, Liberty and Morality. New York, NY: Vintage Books, 1963.
- Hart, H. L. A. “Immorality and Treason.” In The Philosophy of Law, edited by R. M. Dworkin, 83-88. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1977.
- Lecce, Steven. “The Clapham Omnibus Revisited: Liberalism against Democracy.” Contemporary Political Theory 2 (2003): 89-108. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave. cpt.9300051.
- Mill, John Stuart. On Liberty. Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin Books, 1985.
- Murphy, Jeffrie G. “Another Look at Legal Moralism.” Ethics 77, no. 1 (1966): 50-56. https://doi.org/10.1086/291611
- Murphy, Jeffrie G. “Legal Moralism and Retribution Revisited.” Proceedings & Addresses of the American Philosophical Association 80, no. 2 (2006): 45-62.
- Murphy, Jeffrie G. “A Failed Refutation and an Insufficiently Developed Insight in Hart’s Law, Liberty, and Morality.” Criminal Law and Philosophy 7 (2013): 419-434. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11572-013-9228-7.
- Postema, Gerald J. “Politics is about the Grievance: Feinberg on the Legal Enforcement of Morals.”Legal Theory 11, no. 3 (2005): 293-323. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352325205050160.
- Ricciardi, Mario. “Morality, Law and the Fair Distribution of Freedom.” Criminal Law and Philosophy 7 (2013): 531-548. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11572-013-9243-8.
- Scoccia, Danny. “In Defense of “Pure” Legal Moralism.” Criminal Law and Philosophy 7 (2013): 513-5 30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11572-013-9239-4.
- Stephen, James Fitzjames. “The Doctrine of Liberty in Its Application to Morals.” In Morality, Harm, and the Law, edited by Gerald Dworkin, 26-35. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1994.
- Wall, Steven. “Enforcing Morality.” Criminal Law and Philosophy 7 (2013): 455-471. https:/doi.org/10.1007/s11572-013-9238-5.
- Wall, Steven. “Moral Environmentalism.” In Paternalism: Theory and Practice, edited by Christian Coons and Michael Weber, 93-114. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139179003.006.
- Warburton, Nigel. Freedom: An Introduction with Readings. London, UK: Routledge, 2001.
- Wolfenden Committee. Report of the Committee on Homosexual Offences & Prostitution. London, UK: HMSO, 1957.
Journal directory listing - Volume 69 (2024) - Journal of NTNU【69(1)】March
Exploring the Controversy Between Legal Moralism and Harm Principle: Rethinking the Hart–Devlin Debate
Author: Kai-Man Kwan（Department of Religion & Philosophy Hong Kong Baptist University Professor）
Vol.&No.：Vol. 69, No. 1
Date：March 2024
Pages：1-24
DOI：https://doi.org/10.6210/JNTNU.202403_69(1).0001
Abstract：
In the 1960s, Patrick Devlin and H. L. A. Hart famously debated the legal enforcement of morality (legal moralism), marking the start of subsequent debates between advocates of the harm principle and defenders of legal moralism. In the previous two decades, numerous scholars have revisited the Hart-Devlin debate, and some liberals, such as Jeffrie Murphy, have even come to doubt the harm principle. On the basis of the neglected arguments of Devlin and the work of contemporary philosophers, I argue that the application of some form of legal moralism provides slight advantages over the application of the harm principle.
Keywords：harm principle, legal moralism, H. L. A. Hart, Patrick Devlin